Windows Administrator Blog: อัพเดท CPU ของ AMD (December 2008)

ข้อมูลอัพเดท CPU ของ AMD (ธ.ค. 51)
ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับ CPU ของ AMD ซึ่งเป็นข้อมูลอัพเดทของเดือนธันวาคม 2551

AMD Athlon X2 Dual-Core
รุ่นต่างๆ และรายละเอียดคุณลักษณะของซีพียู Athlon X2 Dual-Core (ที่มา: http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_9485_13041%5E13076,00.html)

Key Architectural Features
ฟีเจอร์เด่นของ Athlon X2 Dual-Core

(รูปจาก www.amd.com)

The industry's first true on-die dual-core x86 processor
• Inter-core communication at CPU speed
• Provides dual-core system capability in single-core system configurations

The AMD64 core provides leading-edge performance for both 32-bit and 64-bit applications
• AMD64 technology provides full-speed support for x86 code base for uncompromising performance
• 40-bit physical addresses, 48-bit virtual addresses
• Sixteen 64-bit integer registers
• Sixteen 128-bit SSE/SSE2/SSE3 registers
• AMD Digital Media XPress™ provides support for SSE, SSE2, SSE3 and MMX instructions

A high-bandwidth, low-latency integrated DDR memory controller
• Supports PC2-6400 (DDR2-800), PC2-5300 (DDR2-667), PC2-4200 (DDR2-533) or PC2-3200 (DDR2-400) SDRAM unbuffered DIMMs
• Support for 64-bit DDR2 SDRAM memory
• Up to 12.8GB/s memory bandwidth

HyperTransport™ technology for high speed I/O communication
• One 16-bit link up to 2000MHz
• Up to 8GB/s HyperTransport™ I/O bandwidth
• Up to 20.8GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)

Large high performance on-chip cache
• 64KB Level 1 instruction cache per core
• 64KB Level 1 data cache per core
• Up to 1MB Level 2 cache per core

Cool'n'Quiet™ technology for quieter operation and reduced power requirements
• Recognized in 2005 by the US Environmental Protection Agency for the advancement of energy efficient computer technology

AMD Phenom II X4 New!
รุ่นต่างๆ และรายละเอียดคุณลักษณะของซีพียู AMD Phenom II X4 (ที่มา: http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_15331_15917,00.html)

Key Architectural Features
ฟีเจอร์เด่น AMD Phenom II X4

(รูปจาก www.amd.com)

The industry's first true Quad core x86 processor
* True quad-core designed from the ground up for better communication between cores.
o BENEFIT: Cores can communicate on die rather than on package for better performance

AMD64 with Direct Connect Architecture
* Helps improve system performance and efficiency by directly connecting the processors, the memory controller, and the I/O to the CPU.
* Designed to enable simultaneous 32- and 64-bit computing
* Integrated DDR2 Memory Controller
* BENEFITS:
o Increases application performance by dramatically reducing memory latency
o Scales memory bandwidth and performance to match compute needs
o HyperTransport™ Technology provides up to 16.0GB/s peak bandwidth per processor—reducing I/O bottlenecks
o Up to 33.1GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)

AMD Balanced Smart Cache
* Shared L3 cache
* In addition to the 512K L2 cache per core, up to 6MB of L3 cache will be shared by up to 4 cores.
o BENEFIT: Shortened access times to the highly accessed data for better performance.

AMD Wide Floating Point Accelerator
* 128-bit floating point unit (FPU)
* High performance (128bit internal data path)
floating point unit per core.
o BENEFIT: Larger data paths and quicker floating point calculations for better performance.

HyperTransport™ technology
* One 16-bit link at 3600MT/s
* Up to 8.0GB/s HyperTransport™ I/O bandwidth; Up to 16GB/s in HyperTransport Generation 3.0 mode
* Up to 33.1GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)
o BENEFIT: Quick access times to system I/O for better performance.

Integrated DDR2 DRAM Controller with AMD Memory Optimizer Technology
* A high-bandwidth, low-latency integrated DDR2 memory controller
* Supports PC2-8500 (DDR2-1066); PC2-6400 (DDR2-800), PC2-5300 (DDR2-667), PC2-4200 (DDR2-533) or PC2-3200 (DDR2-400) SDRAM unbuffered DIMMs
* Support for 64-bit DDR2 SDRAM memory
* Up to 17.1GB/s memory bandwidth*
o BENEFIT: Quick access to system memory for better performance.

AMD Virtualization™ (AMD-V™) With Rapid Virtualization Indexing
* Silicon feature-set enhancements designed to improve the performance, reliability, and security of existing and future virtualization environments by allowing virtualized applications with direct and rapid access to their allocated memory.
o BENEFIT: Helps virtualization software to run more securely and efficiently enabling a better experience when dealing with virtual systems

AMD Cool'n'Quiet™ 3.0 technology
* Enhanced power management features which automatically and instantaneously adjusts performance states and features based on processor performance requirements
* For quieter operation and reduced power requirements
o BENEFIT: Enables cooler and quieter platform designs by providing extremely efficient performance and energy usage.

AMD CoolCore™ Technology
* Reduces processor energy consumption by turning off unused parts of the processor. For example, the memory controller can turn off the write logic when reading from memory, helping reduce system power.
* Works automatically without the need for drivers or BIOS enablement.
* Power can be switched on or off within a single clock cycle, saving energy with no impact to performance.
o BENEFIT: Helps users get more efficient performance by dynamically activating or turning off parts of the processor.

Dual Dynamic Power Management™
* Enables more granular power management capabilities to reduce processor energy consumption.
* Separate power planes for cores and memory controller, for optimum power consumption and performance, creating more opportunities for power savings within the cores and memory controller.
o BENEFIT: Helps improve platform efficiency by providing on demand memory performance while still allowing for decreased system power consumption

AMD Phenom X3 และ X4 Home
รุ่นต่างๆ และรายละเอียดคุณลักษณะของซีพียู Phenom X3 และ X4 Home (ที่มา: http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_15331_15332%5E15347,00.html)

Key Architectural Features
ฟีเจอร์เด่นของ AMD Phenom X3 และ X4 Home

(รูปจาก www.amd.com)

The industry's first true Quad core x86 processor
* True quad-core designed from the ground up for better communication between cores.
o BENEFIT : Cores can communicate on die rather than on package for better performance

AMD64 with Direct Connect Architecture
* Helps improve system performance and efficiency by directly connecting the memory controller and I/O to the CPU.
* Designed to enable simultaneous 32- and 64-bit computing
* Integrated DDR2 Memory Controller
* BENEFITS :
o Increases application performance by reducing memory latency
o Scales memory bandwidth and performance to match compute needs
o HyperTransport™ Technology provides up to 16.0GB/s peak bandwidth per processor—reducing I/O bottlenecks
o Up to 33.1GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)

AMD Balanced Smart Cache
* Shared L3 cache
* In addition to the 512K L2 cache per core, up to 2MB of L3 cache shared by up to 4 cores.
o BENEFIT : Shortened access times to highly accessed data for better performance.

AMD Wide Floating Point Accelerator
* 128-bit floating point unit (FPU)
* High performance (128bit internal data path) floating point unit per core.
o BENEFIT : Larger data paths for quicker floating point calculations and better performance.

HyperTransport™ technology
* One 16-bit link up to 4000MT/s
* Up to 8.0 GB/s HyperTransport™ I/O bandwidth; Up to 16.0GB/s in HyperTransport Generation 3.0 mode
* Up to 33.1GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)
o BENEFIT : Quick access times to system resources for better performance.

Integrated DDR2 DRAM Controller with AMD Memory Optimizer Technology
* A high-bandwidth, low-latency integrated DDR2 memory controller
* Supports PC2-8500 (DDR2-1066); PC2-6400 (DDR2-800), PC2-5300 (DDR2-667), PC2-4200 (DDR2-533) or PC2-3200 (DDR2-400) SDRAM unbuffered DIMMs
* Support for 64-bit DDR2 SDRAM memory
* Up to 17.1GB/s memory bandwidth
o BENEFIT : Quick access to system memory for better performance.

AMD Virtualization™ (AMD-V™) With Rapid Virtualization Indexing
* Silicon feature-set enhancements designed to improve the performance, reliability, and security of existing and future virtualization environments by allowing virtualized applications with direct and rapid access to their allocated memory.
o BENEFIT : Helps virtualization software to run more securely and efficiently enabling a better experience when dealing with virtual systems

AMD Cool'n'Quiet™ 2.0 technology
* Enhanced power management features which automatically and instantaneously adjusts performance states and features based on processor performance requirements
* For quieter operation and reduced power requirements
o BENEFIT : Enables platform designs providing less heat and noise efficient performance and energy usage.

AMD CoolCore™ Technology
* Reduces processor energy consumption by turning off unused parts of the processor. For example, the memory controller can turn off the write logic when reading from memory, helping reduce system power.
* Works automatically without the need for drivers or BIOS enablement.
* Power can be switched on or off within a single clock cycle, saving energy without comprimised performance.
o BENEFIT: Helps users get more efficient performance by dynamically activating or turning off parts of the processor.

Dual Dynamic Power Management™
* Enables more granular power management capabilities to reduce processor energy consumption.
* Separate power planes for cores and memory controller, for optimum power consumption and performance, creating more opportunities for power savings within the cores and memory controller.
o BENEFIT Helps improve platform efficiency by providing on demand memory performance while still allowing for decreased system power consumption

AMD Phenom X3 และ X4 Work
รุ่นต่างๆ และรายละเอียดคุณลักษณะของซีพียู Phenom X3 และ X4 Work (ที่มา: http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_15331_15497%5E15500,00.html)

AMD Turion X2 Ultra Dual-Core และ X2 Dual-Core
รุ่นต่างๆ และรายละเอียดคุณลักษณะของซีพียู X2 Ultra Dual-Core และ X2 Dual-Core (ที่มา: http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_12651_15667,00.html)

AMD Turion X2 Ultra Dual-Core

AMD Turion X2 Ultra Dual-Core

Key Architectural Features
ฟีเจอร์เด่นของ AMD Turion X2 Ultra Dual-Core และ X2 Dual-Core

(รูปจาก www.amd.com)

Direct Connect Architecture
* Designed to eliminate the real challenges and bottlenecks of system architectures through the use of separate, dedicated high-speed links:
o between the processor and main memory
o between the processor and I/O
o between CPU cores within the same processor

Powerful Multi-Core Processing
* The extensive AMD64 architectural optimizations and features enable thorough integration of multiple cores within the same processor, with each core having its own L1 and L2 caches

Mobile Optimized Memory Controller
* Directly connects processor to memory to optimize memory performance and bandwidth. Improved memory bandwidth and support for DDR2-800 help provide increased memory performance. Power consumption is reduced by operating at a lower voltage and frequency from processor cores.
* PC2-6400 (DDR2-800), PC2-5300 (DDR2-667), PC2-4200/4300 (DDR2-533) SDRAM unbuffered DIMMs
* Support for 64-bit DDR2 SDRAM memory
* Up to 12.8 GB/s memory bandwidth

AMD Dedicated Multi-cache
* Each core has its own dedicated L2 cache, which enables simultaneous independent core access to cache, eliminating the need for cores to arbitrate for cache access. This helps reduce latency on L2 cache access.

Power-Optimized HyperTransport™ Technology 3.0
* Provides greater bandwidth to support Microsoft® DirectX® 10 and Microsoft® DirectX® 10.1, for a more realistic 3D gaming experience and for ATI Avivo™ HD Technology so users can enjoy Blu-ray movies on their PC with smooth HD3 Playback.
* Up to 14.4 GB HyperTransport I/O bandwidth

AMD Digital Media XPress™ Technology
* Provides support for SSE, SSE2, SSE3 and MMX instructions.

AMD Virtualization™ Technology
* Silicon feature-set enhancements designed to improve the performance, reliability, and security of existing and future virtualization environments

Simultaneous 32-bit and 64-bit Computing
* AMD64 technology enables a breakthrough approach to 64-bit computing that doubles the number of registers in the processor, and allows PC users to use today’s 32-bit software applications while enabling them to also use the next generation of 64-bit applications

Enhanced AMD PowerNow!™ Technology
* Dynamically switches performance states (processor core voltage and operating frequency) based on processor performance requirements.

Independent Dynamic Core Technology
* Each processor core can operate at an independent frequency based on workload requirements. The processor cores continue to operate during frequency adjustments.

AMD Dynamic Power Management
* Each processor core, and the integrated memory controller and HyperTransport™ technology controller are powered by a dedicated voltage plane.

Multi-Point Thermal Control
* Next generation design features multiple on-die thermal sensors with digital interface. Automatic reduction of p-state when temperature exceeds pre-defined limit. Additional memory thermal management interface.

AMD CoolCore™ Technology
* Reduces processor energy consumption by turning off unused parts of the processor.

AMD Turion 64 X2 Dual-Core
รุ่นและรายละเอียดคุณลักษณะของซีพียู Turion X2 (ที่มา: http://products.amd.com/en-us/NotebookCPUResult.aspx)

• New Model: รุ่น TL-68 2400 MHz

Key Architectural Features
ฟีเจอร์เด่นของ AMD Turion 64 X2 Dual-Core

(รูปจาก www.amd.com)

The industry's first true on-die dual-core x86 processor
* – Inter-core communication at CPU speed
* – Provides dual-core system capability in single-core system configurations

The AMD64 core provides leading-edge performance for both 32-bit and 64-bit applications
* – AMD64 technology provides full-speed support for x86 code base for uncompromising performance
* – 40-bit physical addresses, 48-bit virtual addresses
* – Sixteen 64-bit integer registers
* – Sixteen 128-bit SSE/SSE2/SSE3 registers
* – AMD Digital Media XPress™ provides support for SSE, SSE2, SSE3 and MMX instructions

A high-bandwidth, low-latency integrated DDR memory controller
* – Supports PC2-3200 (DDR2 800), PC2-5300 (DDR2-667), PC2-4200 (DDR2-533) or PC2-3200 (DDR2-400) SDRAM unbuffered SO-DIMMs
* – Support for 64-bit DDR2 SDRAM memory
* – Up to 12.8GB/s memory bandwidth

HyperTransport™ technology for high speed I/O communication
* – One 16-bit link up to 1600MHz
* – Up to 6.4GB/s HyperTransport™ I/O bandwidth
* – Up to 19.2GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)

Large high performance on-chip cache
* – Dedicated 256K total L1 cache (128K per core)
* – Dedicated 1M total L2 cache (512K per core)

Cool'n'Quiet™ technology for quieter operation and reduced power requirements
* – Recognized in 2005 by the US Environmental Protection Agency for the advancement of energy efficient computer technology

AMD Opteron Quad-Core
รุ่นต่างๆ และรายละเอียดคุณลักษณะของซีพียู AMD Opteron Quad-Core (ที่มา: http://products.amd.com/en-us/NotebookCPUResult.aspx)

Features and Benefits:
* AMD64 Technology
* Direct Connect Architecture
* Quad-Core AMD Opteron™ Processor Upgradeability
* AMD Virtualization™
* Enhanced Performance-per-Watt

AMD Opteron Quad-Core 8000 Series

AMD Opteron Quad-Core 1000 และ 2000 Series

ราคาต่อการซื้อ 1000 ยูนิต
ตารางราคาซีพียูของ AMD ต่อการซื้อ 1000 ยูนิต (ที่มา: http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_609,00.html?redir=CPPR01)

AMD Opteron
AMD Opteron 1300, 2300 และ 8300 Series